Types of Rubber Explained: Choosing the Right Material for Your Application

Rubber is one of the most versatile materials in manufacturing, with a wide range of applications across industries from automotive to construction. However, not all rubbers are created equal. Different types of rubber have distinct characteristics, making them suitable for specific purposes. Choosing the right rubber for your project can dramatically affect product performance, lifespan, and safety.

In this guide, we break down the most common natural and synthetic rubbers, helping you decide which material is best for your application.

Natural Rubber vs Synthetic Rubber

Rubber is categorised into two broad types:

1. Natural Rubber (NR)

  • Derived from latex sap of rubber trees
  • Excellent elasticity and tensile strength
  • Best for dynamic applications like vibration mounts and tyres
  • Limited resistance to heat, UV, and oil

Natural rubber properties include superb grip and flexibility, but it’s not ideal for outdoor or chemical environments.

2. Synthetic Rubber

  • Man-made rubber developed to meet specialised industrial needs
  • Includes a wide variety of synthetic rubber types, each engineered for performance
  • Common in automotive, construction, aerospace, and food-grade industries

Common Types of Rubber and Their Applications

Understanding the characteristics of each rubber type is essential when selecting materials for rubber extrusion profiles, gaskets, or seals.

EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer)

  • Excellent resistance to weather, ozone, and UV
  • Ideal for outdoor use and rubber for weather sealing
  • Common in roofing, window seals, and automotive trims
  • Temperature range: -40°C to 130°C

Silicone Rubber

  • Extremely flexible and heat resistant
  • Safe for food-grade and medical uses
  • Performs well in both high and low temperatures
  • Common in rubber for gaskets and seals in harsh environments
  • Temperature range: -60°C to 230°C

💡 For specialised silicone and EPDM options, explore our rubber extrusions page.

Nitrile Rubber (NBR)

  • Excellent oil, fuel, and grease resistance
  • Often used in automotive fuel systems and hydraulic seals
  • Not suitable for UV exposure
  • Temperature range: -30°C to 100°C

Neoprene Rubber (CR)

  • Moderate resistance to oil, weather, and chemicals
  • Good choice for flexible rubber materials used in industrial settings
  • Used in belts, hoses, and wetsuits
  • Temperature range: -20°C to 120°C

Viton® (FKM)

  • Premium fluoroelastomer with excellent chemical and high heat resistance
  • Common in aerospace, fuel, and chemical processing
  • More expensive than other rubbers
  • Temperature range: -20°C to 200°C

How to Choose the Right Types of Rubber for Your Application

When selecting among the types of rubber, consider the following:

  • Environmental Conditions
    • Outdoor use? Choose temperature resistant rubber like EPDM or silicone
    • Chemical exposure? Opt for Viton or Nitrile
  • Mechanical Stress
    • High wear and tear? Natural rubber or Neoprene may suit best
  • Temperature Range
    • Extreme heat? Use silicone or Viton
    • Cold environments? EPDM and silicone perform well in sub-zero conditions
  • Cost vs Performance
    • For general use, EPDM offers an excellent balance
    • For demanding environments, invest in high-grade options like Viton

Applications of Rubber in Manufacturing

Rubber is used in countless products and systems, including:

  • Sealing profiles for windows, doors, and enclosures
  • Gaskets in automotive and plumbing systems
  • Insulation in HVAC systems
  • Shock absorbers and anti-vibration mounts
  • Medical and food-grade components in sterile environments

The choice of rubber impacts not just performance, but also compliance with safety and industry regulations.

There are many types of rubber, each with its own strengths. Whether you’re manufacturing weather seals, gaskets, or bespoke rubber extrusion profiles, the material you choose will affect performance, durability, and cost-effectiveness.

For expert help selecting the best material, browse our full range of options on the extrusions page or contact our team for tailored advice.

Call to Action
Need guidance on choosing the right rubber type?
📞 Call us on 01903 732088
📧 Email: sales@silcoproducts.co.uk

Types of Rubber Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: What are the most weather-resistant types of rubber?
A1: EPDM is one of the best rubbers for weather and UV resistance, making it ideal for outdoor use.

Q2: Can silicone rubber be used in food applications?
A2: Yes, silicone is non-toxic, odourless, and safe for both food and medical-grade environments.

Q3: Is natural rubber suitable for outdoor use?
A3: No, natural rubber tends to degrade in sunlight and ozone exposure. Synthetic alternatives like EPDM are better suited.